According to ERIK ERIKSON, the pain of being thrust out of the all-supporting womb and into the harsh external world produces a state of basic mistrust in ourselves and in the world. Our first developmental task is therefore to acquire a sense of BASIC TRUST.

Probably a corruption of St Mary of Bethlehem, a hospital for mental patients founded in London in the sixteenth century. Due to this association, the name has been popularly used for any place in a noisy, chaotic state, or any condition of wild disorder.

is more disturbing than a href=”/customer-resources/glossary/2073-approach-approach-conflict.html”>APROACH-APROACH CONFLICT. it is a conflict between two dangers, or two goals that are not wanted.

Anthropological concept borrowed from ancient Greece, where the sun god Apollo represented the reasonable, rational and intellectual aspects of the human condition.

Contrasted with DIONYSIAN.

A key concept of EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY. It describes the process of individual development leading towards the goal of being as human as possible, fulfilling as much of one’s potential as possible, and being at one with the world.

See also LAING.

Tendency to withdraw from psychological conflict, often by substituting other, non-threatening activities.

Impairment or loss of ability to use language (especially the ability to speak) resulting from BRAIN DAMAGE caused by stroke, Alzheimer’s disease or other illness or trauma.

(1) An evaluation of how someone has performed in a job. (2) Where an individual evaluates a situation for possible STRESS.