The study of the structure and function of the nervous system.

The nature side of the nature-nurture problem: in PSYCHOLOGY this doctrine emphasises the influences of genetic inheritance and HEREDITY as opposed to learning, and the INNATE ability to perceive space and time without any prior experience.

In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Affiliation sits in the third of 8 tiers. Once the first and second tiers (physiological and safety needs) are satisfied, people will strive for affiliation, acceptance and belonging.

InSOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, the Need for Affiliation is the need to be with other people, particularly when facing the same unpleasant experience. There is some evidence that this need may be related to birth order, with last-born children having the least need for affiliation, while first-born children (especially males) have most.

Hatred of women.

A group of British psychoanalysts, including Ronald Fairbairn. Melanie Klein and Donald Winnicott who emphasised the importance of emotional relationships formed during the first two years of life. The ‘object’ in question may be the infant’s mother or its PERCEPTION and internal representation of the mother.

In SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, a term introduced by the American scientist Robert Zajonc to explain the PHENOMENON that, other things being equal, the more familiar people become with objects, words or pictures they don’t know, the more they like them. Mere exposure may thus help to explain the influence of advertising on buying habits.

Literally, a new word: sometimes found in SCHIZOPHRENIC speech but more often in scientific and scholarly writing where common words are used in a new way. like CENSORSHIP and PROTOCOL, or where new words are concocted, like BRAIN-WASHING and TERRITORIALITY.

A vague term used for many centuries in many different ways. As used today by psychologists it most often refers to the totality of organised, mainly cognitive psychological processes.

A functional psychological disorder with no organic causes whose origins in emotional conflict can often be understood and dealt with by PSYCHOTHERAPY. Neurosis may be manifested as ANXIETY. FUGUE. HYSTERIA. OBSESSION. COMPULSION Or PHOBIA, neurotic BEHAVIOUR suggestive of NEUROSIS.

The sense of smell.